国际燃料油贸易基础教程PDF版本
作者(来源)：广州市华泰兴石油化工有限公司
国际燃料油贸易基础
广州市华泰兴石油化工有限公司 信息部 Page: 2/95
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石石 油油 专专 业业 基基 本本 知知 识识 篇篇......................................................................... 5
一,原油概述........................................................................................................... 5
西得克萨斯中质原油(WTI).............................................................................................6
布伦特原油(BRENT)......................................................................................................7
阿拉伯轻质原油(ARABIAN LIGHT)...............................................................................7
迪拜原油(费佳原油)........................................................................................................8
杜里原油(Duri)...............................................................................................................8
埃及原油(毕鲁姆原油Belayim).....................................................................................9
委内瑞拉奥里油...................................................................................................................9
二,石油炼制......................................................................................................... 11
三,石油产品......................................................................................................... 17
汽油(Gasoline,Petrol,Spirit)..................................................................................18
柴油(Diesel Fuels,Gasoil)........................................................................................22
煤油 (KEROSINE (KEROSENE))...............................................................................21
航空燃料(AVIATION FUEL).........................................................................................21
石脑油(NAPHTHA)......................................................................................................21
燃料油(Fuel Oil)...........................................................................................................28
润滑油(Lubricating Oils 或Lube Oils).....................................................................24
润滑脂(LUBRICATING GREASES,Lubricant Greases,Greases).......................27
石油蜡(PETROLEUM WAX)........................................................................................31
煤油(KEROSINE或KEROSENE)..................................................错误!未定义书签.
沥青(ASPHALT/ BITUMEN)........................................................................................31
四,油品指标......................................................................................................... 33
粘度(VISCOSITY)........................................................................................................34
密度(DENSITY)............................................................................................................35
闪点(FLASH POINT)...................................................................................................35
倾点(POUR POINT).....................................................................................................35
残碳(CARBON RESIDUE)...........................................................................................36
灰份(ASH)....................................................................................................................36
硫含量(SULFUR CONTENT).......................................................................................37
水份及沉积物(WATER AND SEDIMENT)....................................................................37
水含量(WATER CONTENT).........................................................................................38
沉积物(SEDIMENT).....................................................................................................38
钒含量(VANADIUM CONTENT)..................................................................................38
蜡含量(WAX CONTENT).............................................................................................38
钠含量(SODIUM CONTENT).......................................................................................39
国际燃料油贸易基础
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含盐量(SALT CONTENT)............................................................................................39
金属杂质(METALLIC CONTAMINANTS)....................................................................39
凝点/凝固点(FREEZING POINT).................................................................................39
烟点(或无烟火焰高度)(SMOKE POINT)...................................................................39
云点(CLOUD POINT)...................................................................................................40
附:各类组织................................................................................................. 41
石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)).. 41
经济合作和发展组织(ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND
DEVELOPMENT(OECD))................................................................................. 42
阿拉伯石油输出国组织(ORGANIZATION OF ARAB PETROLEUM EXPORTING
COUNTRIES(OAPEC)).................................................................................... 43
附:石油行业常用单位换算表........................................................................ 43
国国 际际 燃燃 料料 油油 贸贸 易易 知知 识识 篇篇.................................................................. 46
引言:.................................................................................................................... 46
国际石油市场简介.................................................................................................. 47
●西北欧市场......................................................................................................................47
●地中海市场......................................................................................................................47
●加勒比海市场..................................................................................................................48
●新加坡市场......................................................................................................................48
●美国市场.........................................................................................................................48
●纽约商品交易所(NYMEX)..........................................................................................49
●伦敦国际石油交易所(IPE)..........................................................................................49
●新加坡纸货市场...............................................................................................................50
国际国内燃料油市场简介....................................................................................... 51
●国际燃料油市场概况.......................................................................................................51
●燃料油的产地..................................................................................................................51
●国内燃料油产量...............................................................................................................52
●国内燃料油用户...............................................................................................................53
●国内燃料油市场...............................................................................................................54
●国内燃料油贸易商...........................................................................................................55
●我国燃料油市场的特点....................................................................................................56
●进口燃料油的计价方式....................................................................................................56
●进口燃料油成本的计算....................................................................................................56
燃料油进口贸易简介............................................................................................... 56
●洽商和签订购货合同.......................................................................................................56
●燃料油船的租用...............................................................................................................56
国际燃料油贸易基础
广州市华泰兴石油化工有限公司 信息部 Page: 4/95
对于文中的任何错误,恳请您的批评指正.对于本文有任何意见或建议,欢迎您与我们联系.
电话:020-83487038 传真:020-83487155 EMAIL:LIONEL@TWINACE.COM
●开信用证(付款方式)....................................................................................................56
●准备报关进口单证...........................................................................................................56
●进口报关,报验...............................................................................................................56
●进口联检.........................................................................................................................56
●货物的查验和计量...........................................................................................................56
●卸货.................................................................................................................................56
●结算.................................................................................................................................56
套期保值................................................................................................................. 56
●油品套期保值的概念及作用............................................................................................56
●企业参与套期保值必要性................................................................................................56
●套期保值应遵循的基本原则............................................................................................56
●国内贸易商在新加坡纸货市场上可能采取的操作............................................................56
●国内燃料油贸易商和用户套期保值操作..........................................................................56
国内燃料油的储运.................................................................................................. 56
●燃料油的仓储..................................................................................................................56
●燃料油的运输..................................................................................................................56
国内燃料油的销售.................................................................................................. 56
●倒挂.................................................................................................................................56
附:国际燃料油采购合同样本........................................................................ 56
附:自动进口许可证申请表........................................................................... 56
附:自动进口许可证...................................................................................... 56
附:提单样本................................................................................................. 56
附:货物保险单样本...................................................................................... 56
附:货物报关单样本...................................................................................... 56
附:驳船计量证书样本.................................................................................. 56
附:量检证书样本.......................................................................................... 56
附:质检证书样本.......................................................................................... 56
附:国际贸易常用术语.................................................................................. 56
CIF(COST,INSURANCE&FREIGHT):成本,保险费加运费(……指定目的港)
...............................................................................................................................56
CFR(Cost & Freight):成本加运费(……指定目的港).................................... 56
FOB(Free On Board):船上交货(……指定装运港)....................................... 56
广州市华泰兴石油化工有限公司简介